PIPages
Labs

Jacqueline O'Connor

Pennsylvania State University, PA·Engineering

Wood pellets are already a large US fuel market, but they are too weak and low in energy to replace coal in industry. Food-processing waste and fast-growing crops could be turned into stronger, more energy-dense solid fuels.

Fields

Engineering

Earth & Environmental Science

Chemistry

Topics

solid biofuels

biomass

hydrothermal carbonization

Grants
1 known grant, through Dec 2028

What they work on

  1. Design drop-in solid biofuel blends by matching carbonization levels of hydrochars from hydrothermal carbonization with torrefied biochars, to reduce fuel separation and raise thermal stability and energy density.
  2. Determine how secondary char, a tarry material formed during hydrothermal carbonization, changes pellet strength and water resistance, as well as ignition and burning behavior.
  3. Develop a rapid thermogravimetric analysis method that predicts ignition delay, ignition mode, combustion mode and burning rate, and build a statistical model to choose the best secondary char content and blend ratios.

More about the research

Doing so could create value for rural economies, but these fuels must burn enough like coal to be swapped in directly as "drop-in" replacements.

Why it matters

Turning low-cost regional wastes and crops into solid biofuels that can directly replace coal in industrial settings could support rural economies and energy independence. The project's guidelines on which feedstocks and blend ratios work best could help fuel producers and industrial users design these fuels.

Known grants

From NIH and NSF research grants. Labs often have other funding we can't see.

Collaborative Research: Designing Drop-In Solid Biofuel Blends via Harmonization Across Combustion and Fuel Science

NSF · Jan 2026 – Dec 2028

Closest labs

Jillian Goldfarb

Cornell University, NY·Engineering·Early-career

Design drop-in solid biofuels that can replace coal by matching carbonization levels between hydrothermal carbonization hydrochars and torrefied biochars, aiming for higher energy density and thermal stability.

Omid Samimi Abianeh

Wayne State University, MI·Engineering

Measure flame propagation speed of ammonia–dimethyl ether blends across a wide range of temperatures, pressures, fuel-to-air ratios and Damköhler numbers using the RCM-FLAME apparatus.

Ruiqing Shen

Oklahoma State University, OK·Engineering

Optimize thermo-responsive hydrogel formulations, gels that hold water and respond to heat, for thermal resistance, surface adhesion and cooling power as water-efficient fire suppressants.

The school

Pennsylvania State University: 60 labs on PI Pages, $1.3B a year on research, 743 research doctorates a year.

More about Pennsylvania State University

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