PIPages
Labs

Peter Halpin

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC·Education Research

When researchers test whether a new curriculum or teaching method helps students, the answer often depends on which test they used to measure learning. Reviews of science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) education research keep finding the same pattern: assessments built by the people running the intervention tend to show larger effects than independently developed assessments such as standardized tests.

Fields

Education Research

Mathematics & Statistics

Social Science

Topics

STEM education research

item response theory

differential item functioning

Grants
1 known grant, through Jun 2027

What they work on

  1. Develop estimators of treatment effects that are robust to item-level heterogeneity, by combining robust statistics with item response theory, the framework linking student ability to the probability of answering each test question correctly.
  2. Construct a general-purpose specification test that detects whether conventional treatment effect estimates are biased by variation in effects across individual assessment items.
  3. Partition the bias in naive treatment effect estimates into components explained by item-level covariates versus idiosyncratic sources tied to a specific outcome measure.
  4. Evaluate the new procedures at sample sizes and research designs typical of STEM education impact evaluations, and apply them across a sample of such studies to synthesize empirical findings about measure dependence.

More about the research

That gap raises hard questions about how transparent and replicable education research — and social science generally — really is. The problem is not only which test is chosen but that the effect of a program can differ from one test question to the next.

Why it matters

Decisions about curricula and instructional practices rest on impact evaluations whose conclusions can hinge on the test chosen to measure learning. Statistical tools that flag when an estimated effect depends on particular test items could make these evaluations more trustworthy and more replicable, giving researchers, funders and educators a firmer basis for judging what actually works. The same methods may also reveal why studies disagree, which can inform STEM education theory itself.

Known grants

From NIH and NSF research grants. Labs often have other funding we can't see.

Statistical Methods and Sensitivity Analyses: How the Choice of Outcome Measures Affects the Conclusions of STEM Education Research Studies

NSF · Jul 2024 – Jun 2027

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The school

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: 72 labs on PI Pages, $1.6B a year on research, 523 research doctorates a year.

More about University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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